651025
Steel Use in BuildingsApplication by percentage
■Superstructure65
■Substructure10
■Non-structural25
Top 5 Sources of
Industries by percentage
■Cement24.9
■Steel1.85
■Plastic0.35
■Paper0.42
■Aluminium0.24
9.85 gigatonnes
f30508040
Proportion of MaterialsBuilding Elements by percentage
■Superstructure / Substructure15
■Exterior Envelope25
■Building Services40
■Interior Systems20